Truth: Many scoliosis curves are mild and barely noticeable. Possible signs include uneven shoulders, rib prominence, or waist asymmetry — but not everyone has obvious physical changes.
Myth 5: “Scoliosis is painful.”
Truth: Scoliosis in children and adolescents is usually painless. Pain is more common in adults with long-standing curves or degenerative changes, but many people with scoliosis live completely pain-free.
Myth 6: “Scoliosis can be corrected by exercise and physiotherapy.”
Truth: Exercise and physiotherapy improve strength, posture, and comfort — but they usually do not permanently straighten a structural curve.
Specialized programs such as the Schroth method may help manage progression and improve symmetry, but they are not a guaranteed cure.
Myth 7: “Braces cure scoliosis.”
Truth: Bracing does not cure scoliosis. It helps prevent the curve from worsening while a child is still growing.
Myth 8: “Everyone with scoliosis needs surgery.”
Truth: Surgery is recommended only for severe or rapidly progressing curves. Most patients are either monitored regularly or treated with bracing.
Myth 9: “If you need surgery, you’ll never be active again.”
Truth: Most patients return to sports, dance, and everyday activities within a few months after surgery.
Although procedures like Spinal fusion may reduce flexibility in the treated segments, patients are generally encouraged to remain active once healing is complete.
Myth 10: “Females cannot have normal childbirth after scoliosis surgery.”
Truth: Most women who undergo scoliosis correction surgery can conceive normally, carry pregnancy safely, and deliver vaginally.
Scoliosis surgery does not affect the uterus, ovaries, or hormonal function, so fertility is typically unaffected.
Myth 11: “Children stop growing taller after scoliosis correction surgery.”
Truth: Children do not automatically stop growing after scoliosis surgery.
Most procedures are performed near or after the adolescent growth spurt, when most spinal growth is already complete.
Many children actually become taller immediately after surgery because the curved spine is straightened.
Spinal fusion stops growth only in the fused segments. Growth of the unfused spine, legs, and the rest of the body continues until skeletal maturity.
In very young children with early-onset scoliosis, surgeons may use growth-friendly techniques instead of full fusion to allow continued spinal growth.
Myth 12: “Scoliosis surgery is very risky and often causes serious complications like paralysis.”
Truth: Scoliosis correction is a complex procedure, but with modern techniques and intraoperative monitoring, it is considered safe when performed by experienced spine deformity surgeons.
Serious complications such as paralysis are very rare.
Myth 13: “Complex spine surgeries can only be done in major metropolitan cities.”
Truth: In the past, scoliosis correction was largely concentrated in metropolitan centers due to the need for highly specialized surgeons, advanced ICUs, experienced anesthesia teams, and specialized instrumentation.
Over the past 10–15 years, spine care has advanced significantly. Surgical expertise, modern technology, and advanced hospital infrastructure are now available in many Tier 2 cities.
As a result, complex spine surgeries such as scoliosis correction can be safely and successfully performed in well-equipped centers—including cities like Visakhapatnam—provided the necessary expertise, technology, and multidisciplinary support are in place.
Scoliosis is a structural spinal disorder in which the spine curves sideways rather than remaining straight. Normally, the spine has gentle front-to-back curves that help maintain balance and absorb shock. In scoliosis, however, there is a side-to-side curvature, often accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae.
The condition is most commonly detected in children and adolescents, particularly during periods of rapid growth, although it can affect individuals of any age. Earlier consultation for scoliosis treatment from an expert doctor can help you understand more about the condition, treatment, and medication.
Types and causes
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: This is the most common type, accounting for nearly 80% of cases. It develops during adolescence and occurs more frequently in girls. Although the exact cause remains unknown, genetic, hormonal, and neuromuscular factors are believed to contribute.
Congenital scoliosis: This results from abnormal vertebral development during fetal growth. The vertebrae may be fused, missing, or incompletely formed.
Neuromuscular scoliosis: It arises secondary to conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spinal cord injury, in which weakened or imbalanced muscles are unable to provide adequate support to the spine.
Degenerative scoliosis: It develops in older adults as a result of age-related wear and tear of the intervertebral discs and facet joints, leading to progressive spinal curvature.
Symptoms
Symptoms vary depending on the severity of the curvature.
Visible Signs:
Uneven shoulders
Tilted waistline
One hip higher than the other
Rib prominence when bending forward
Mild cases may go unnoticed and are often detected during routine screening.
Children and adolescents typically do not experience pain. However, adults may report pain and stiffness of the back.
In severe cases, significant curvature can reduce chest cavity space, potentially causing breathing difficulties and, rarely, impaired heart function.
Diagnosis and Imaging
Scoliosis is typically diagnosed by a physical examination. The spinal curvature becomes more apparent when the patient is asked to bend forward, a maneuver known as the forward bend test.
X-rays are used to confirm the diagnosis and to measure the severity of the curvature using the Cobb angle. Curves less than 20 degrees are generally classified as mild, those between 20 and 40 degrees as moderate, and curves greater than 40–50 degrees as severe.
MRI scans are done to rule out underlying abnormalities of the spinal cord.
Follow-Up and Risk of Progression
Growing children require regular follow-up, typically with X-rays every six months, to monitor changes in the spinal curvature.
The risk of curve progression depends on several factors, including the child’s age, remaining growth potential, and the magnitude of the curve at the time of diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment depends on:
Curve severity
Patient’s age
Remaining growth
Risk of progression
Mild curves in adolescents who have completed growth often require no active treatment but should be monitored.
Bracing
It is a key treatment option for moderate scoliosis, particularly in children and adolescents who are still growing. While braces do not correct or straighten the spine, they are effective in preventing further progression of the curve. For optimal effectiveness, the brace must be worn for about 20 hours per day. They are usually worn under clothing. Children wearing braces can continue to participate in most daily activities, and once growth is complete, bracing may no longer be necessary.
Surgical Correction
Surgery is generally recommended for:
Curves greater than 50°
Curves likely to progress despite conservative management
The procedure typically involves:
Placement of titanium screws in vertebrae
Connecting the screws with rods to correct alignment
Correcting the deformity with controlled manoevers
Bone grafting to achieve spinal fusion
Fusion stabilises the spine and prevents further worsening of the curve.
Complications of Surgery
Scoliosis correction is a major surgical procedure with potential risks and complications.
Immediate Complications:
Significant blood loss
Weakness or paralysis due to spinal cord injury
Anaesthesia-related complications
Need for postoperative ICU care
Implant-related problems
Wound infection
Late Complications:
Progression above or below the fused segment
Delayed wound infection
The risk of surgical complications can be reduced through meticulous planning and the surgeon’s skill and experience in execution.
Lifestyle and Supportive Care
Non-medical measures play an important supportive role:
Physical therapy to improve muscle balance and posture
Core strengthening exercises
Swimming, yoga, and Pilates for flexibility and fitness
Psychological support for body image concerns and emotional well-being
Adolescents may experience stress or self-consciousness, making emotional support essential.
Outlook
Scoliosis is no longer considered a disabling condition. With modern medical and surgical advancements, individuals with scoliosis can lead active, productive lives. Women can safely bear children, even after corrective surgery.
Effective treatment is now available in many well-equipped hospitals, not just major metropolitan centers.
Why Choose Spine Leela for Scoliosis Treatment in Vizag?
Choosing treatment with Dr. B. Leela Prasad at Spine Leela for scoliosis treatment in Vizag is one of the best decisions for patients seeking expert spine care. With extensive experience in diagnosing and managing spinal deformities, he provides personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s condition and age.
At Spine Leela, advanced diagnostic tools, modern surgical techniques, and compassionate care ensure safe, effective, and long-term results for scoliosis patients in Vizag.
A slipped disc (also called a herniated or prolapsed disc) happens when the soft gel-like center (nucleus pulposus) of a spinal disc pushes out through a tear in the outer layer (annulus fibrosus). This can press on nearby nerves and cause pain, numbness, or weakness. To get the best slip disc treatment, you need to consult a top spine specialist for better understanding.
2. Does it occur only in the lower back?
Slipped disc commonly occurs not only in the lower back (lumbar spine) but also in the neck (cervical spine) as well. It can rarely occur in the mid back (thoracic spine)
3. What are the common symptoms?
Symptoms depend on the level (cervical/thoracic/lumbar) of the disc prolapse. Common symptoms are:
Lumbar (lower back) disc prolapse:
Lower back pain
Pain radiating down the leg (sciatica)
Numbness or tingling in legs
Muscle weakness
Cervical (neck) disc prolapse:
Neck pain
Pain radiating to the shoulder/arm/forearm or hand.
Tingling or numbness in fingers
Weak grip strength
4. Do all people with slipped discs have symptoms?
No, many people with slipped discs do not have symptoms.
5. How is it diagnosed?
A slipped disc is suspected by a good clinical history and thorough physical examination of the patient and confirmed by an MRI scan.
X-rays are done to rule out other problems and also help in surgical planning.
6. Can a disc prolapse heal on its own?
Yes. The symptoms of a slipped disc resolve within 4-6 weeks in more than 90% of patients.
6. Are alternative systems of medicine (like Ayurveda, homeopathy, etc.) effective in treating slipped discs?
As mentioned above, the symptoms of a slipped disc resolve within 4-6 weeks in more than 90% of patients irrespective of the treatment modality. This is the natural history of a slipped disc.
7. What is the role of spinal injections in the treatment of slipped disc? Do they provide permanent relief?
Spinal injections like selective nerve root blocks provide good pain relief and are generally indicated in patients not responding to medication or those with severe pain.
However, the duration of pain relief is highly unpredictable. It may vary from a few days to a few years. In some patients, the pain relief may be permanent.
8. Do spinal injections have any serious side effects? Can they be repeated?
Spinal injections are considered very safe; the incidence of side effects is very rare. They can be repeated if the pain recurs.
9. How often is surgery required for patients with slipped discs?
Surgery is required in less than 5% of patients. To know if surgery is necessary or not, you need to consult a top spine specialist for slip disc treatment.
10. How soon can the patient get back to work after surgery for slipped disc
With the advent of minimally invasive procedures like microdiscectomy and endoscopic discectomy, patients can get back to office jobs as early as a few days.
However, patients need to wait for a few weeks before getting back to heavy manual labor.
Q1. Many people think TB affects only the lungs. Does it really affect the spine?
Though TB commonly affects the lungs, it can also affect bones and joints (called skeletal tuberculosis). In fact, the spine is the most common site of bone TB. Get the best tuberculosis spine treatment in Vizag from Dr. B. Leela Prasad.
Q2. Can healthy people get TB spine? Or does it affect only poor or malnourished people?
Anyone can get TB spine—young or old, healthy or sick, educated or not, well-nourished or undernourished.
TB spine is a medical condition—not a reflection of lifestyle, hygiene, education, or social status.
However, the risk is higher in:
People with diabetes
Patients with HIV
Patients on long-term steroids/chemotherapy/immune-suppressive medications
Q3. Does TB spine spread by sharing food or close contact with a patient?
No. TB spine is not contagious. It does not spread from person to person.
Only lung TB (pulmonary TB) spreads through air when an infected person coughs. Spinal TB itself does not spread.
Q4. Does TB spine always cause fever, cough, weight loss, and loss of appetite?
Fever, weight loss, and loss of appetite may be present in some patients — but not all.
Cough is present only in patients with lung TB.
Patients with TB spine do not have cough unless they also have lung TB.
Q5. How is back pain due to TB spine different from routine back pain?
Back pain due to TB spine is often more severe, persistent, progressive and worse at night.. Unlike routine back pain it doesn’t improve with rest or painkillers.
Q6. Does TB spine always need surgery, or can it be treated with medication?
TB spine is primarily a medical disease and can be cured with proper anti-TB medication alone.
Surgery is needed only in selected cases, such as:
Weakness or paralysis due to nerve compression
Severe or worsening deformity (hump)
Spinal instability
Large abscess
No improvement despite proper medication
Most patients recover without surgery. For more information about the treatment, it is recommended to consult the best spine specialist near me.
Q7. Does TB spine cause paralysis? If yes, does it recover?
Paralysis is uncommon and usually occurs when:
Diagnosis is delayed
Treatment is inadequate
If treated early, paralysis often recovers well. However, if treatment or surgery is delayed, recovery may be incomplete.
Early diagnosis is key.
Q8. Are anti-TB drugs safe? Do they have serious side effects?
Anti-TB drugs are very effective and safe for most patients.
However, they can cause serious side effects in a small number of patients. Treatment should therefore always be administered under close medical supervision.
Never stop medicines without consulting your doctor.
Q9. How long should a patient take anti-TB medication? What happens if treatment is stopped midway?
Patients with TB spine usually need anti-TB treatment for at least 9 months, depending on medical advice.
Stopping medication early or taking it irregularly can:
Cause recurrence of the disease
Lead to drug resistance
Make treatment more difficult
Complete the full course, even if symptoms improve. Always get the best consultation from an expert spine surgeon.
Q10. Does everyone with TB spine develop a hump? Can it be corrected?
No. Not everyone develops a hump (spinal deformity).
Deformity usually occurs in:
Late diagnosis
Inadequate treatment
Extensive disease
Early treatment can prevent or minimize deformity.
If deformity develops, it can be corrected with surgery.
Scoliosis is a structural disorder in which the spine bends sideways instead of being straight. While the spine typically exhibits gentle front-to-back curves that help maintain balance and absorb shock, scoliosis involves a side-to-side bending accompanied in many cases by vertebral rotation. This condition is most often noticed in children or teenagers, especially during periods of rapid growth, though it can affect people of any age.
Types and causes
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: It is the most common type of scoliosis, accounting for nearly 80% of all cases. It develops during adolescence and has no clearly identifiable cause. The condition is more frequently seen in girls. Although its exact cause remains unknown, a combination of genetic, hormonal, and neuromuscular factors is thought to play a role, with no single mechanism definitively established.
Congenital scoliosis: It results from abnormalities in vertebral development during fetal growth, such as fused, missing, or incompletely formed vertebrae.
Neuromuscular scoliosis: It arises secondary to conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spinal cord injury, in which weakened or imbalanced muscles are unable to provide adequate support to the spine.
Degenerative scoliosis: It develops in older adults as a result of age-related wear and tear of the intervertebral discs and facet joints, leading to progressive spinal curvature.
Symptoms
Symptoms of scoliosis vary from mild to severe depending on the extent of spinal curvature. In mild cases, the condition may remain unnoticed and is often detected only during routine screening. Common visible signs include uneven shoulders, a tilted waistline, one hip appearing higher than the other, or a noticeable rib hump when bending forward. Scoliosis usually does not cause pain in children and adolescents; however, adults may experience back pain, muscle fatigue, and stiffness. In severe cases, significant spinal curvature can reduce chest cavity space, potentially leading to breathing difficulties and, in rare instances, impaired heart function due to restricted organ capacity.
Diagnosis & Imaging tests
Scoliosis is typically diagnosed through a physical examination. The spinal curvature becomes more apparent when the patient is asked to bend forward, a manoeuvre known as the forward bend test. X-rays are used to confirm the diagnosis and to measure the severity of the curvature using the Cobb angle. Curves less than 20 degrees are generally classified as mild, those between 20 and 40 degrees as moderate, and curves greater than 40–50 degrees as severe.
MRI scans may be performed to rule out underlying abnormalities of the spinal cord.
Scoliosis Treatment – MRI scans
Follow-up and Risk of Progression:
Growing children require regular follow-up, typically with X-rays every six months, to monitor changes in the spinal curvature. The risk of curve progression depends on several factors, including the child’s age, remaining growth potential, and the magnitude of the curve at the time of diagnosis.
Treatment:
Scoliosis treatment depends on the spinal curve size and the child’s expected growth. Even children with slight curves require regular follow-up to monitor whether the curvature worsens during growth—older adolescents who have stopped growing and have mild curves often do not need active treatment. Overall, management is individualised based on the patient’s age, curve severity, and risk of progression.
Bracing:
It is a key treatment option for moderate scoliosis, particularly in adolescents who are still growing. While braces do not correct or straighten the spine, they are effective in preventing further progression of the curve. For optimal effectiveness, the brace must be worn for about 20 hours per day and is usually worn under clothing. The success of bracing increases with the number of hours it is worn. Children wearing braces can continue to participate in most daily activities, and once growth is complete, bracing may no longer be necessary.
Surgical correction:
It is generally recommended for severe curves (Cobb angle greater than 50 degrees) or for deformities that are likely to progress despite conservative management. Surgery typically involves placing titanium screws into the vertebrae, connecting them with rods, and correcting the deformity through controlled manoeuvres. Bone grafts are then placed to achieve spinal fusion, which helps stabilise the spine and prevent further progression of the curve.
Scoliosis—Before and After Surgery
Complications of scoliosis surgery:
Scoliosis correction is a major surgical procedure that carries the risk of several potential complications. These include significant blood loss, infection, weakness of the legs or paralysis due to injury to the spinal cord, complications related to anaesthesia, the possible need for postoperative ICU care, and problems associated with the surgical implants used for spinal stabilisation. Rarely, the spine may continue to curve above or below the surgically corrected segment, leading to a progression of curvature adjacent to the surgery site.
Beyond medical treatments, lifestyle measures play an essential supportive role in the management of scoliosis. Physical therapy and regular exercise help improve muscle balance, posture, and core strength. Activities such as swimming, yoga, and Pilates can enhance flexibility, overall fitness, and comfort. Psychological support is equally essential, as adolescents with scoliosis may experience self-consciousness, stress, or anxiety related to body image and treatment.
Although once considered a dreaded condition, individuals with scoliosis can now lead active and productive lives. Patients can pursue normal daily activities, and women can safely bear children even after undergoing corrective surgery. With advances in medical expertise and surgical techniques, scoliosis surgery is no longer limited to major metropolitan centres, and effective treatment can be accessed in many well-equipped hospitals closer to home.
Scoliosis Treatment In Vizag-
Patients of all ages can get expert evaluation and personalised treatment plans from Dr B. Leela Prasad, who is known as the Best Spine Surgeon in Vizag for Scoliosis. He is known as a trusted Scoliosis Treatment Specialist in Visakhapatnam because he has years of experience treating complicated spine deformities. He uses cutting-edge technology along with caring support to make sure that patients get the proper treatment and long-lasting relief.
As an expert in Top Spine Surgeon Vizag Scoliosis Correction, Dr B. Leela Prasad uses both non-surgical and minimally invasive medical methods to treat scoliosis, depending on the needs of each patient. People in Vizag who want safe, effective, and long-lasting scoliosis treatment choose him. It is because he is dedicated to professional quality and patient-centred results.
Unusual presentation of Cervical Myelopathy – A Journey from Wheelchair to Recovery
Even a specialist doctor cannot choose the patients coming to him. Patients with symptoms totally unrelated to the speciality may visit the doctor with a lot of confidence and hope. In this context , let me narrate an interesting case.
A 40yr old gentleman from a neighbouring state came down with paralysis of the right upper and lower limbs. His symptoms were worsening rapidly and he became wheelchair bound within a few days. As paralysis of one half of the body is very typical of a brain stroke, I was wondering why he came to me; and asked him to consult a neurophysician. He told me he had already consulted a neurophysician in his home town and he had no relief. MRI of the brain was already done; it was normal. After careful clinical examination, I suspected a problem in the cervical spine and asked for an MRI scan of that region.
Diagnosis and Surgical Decision-
The scan showed disc prolapse at the C4-5 and C5-6 levels, with severe compression of the spinal cord. The paralysis of his right hand and leg was due to this compression. A diagnosis Cervical Myelopathy was made , and as the patient was rapidly deteriorating, surgery was advised. The patient was taken up for surgery after a detailed discussion with his family regarding the risks, benefits and possible outcomes. Surgery (Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) was done at C4-5 and C5-6 levels.
The surgery involved approaching the spine from front(anterior), removing the discs at C4-5 & C5-6(discectomy), thereby relieving the pressure on spinal cord and placing bone graft in the empty disc spaces(fusion) and fixing them with a titanium plate and screws.
Postoperative Recovery and Progress –
Surgery was uneventful. He started showing signs of improvement almost immediately after the surgery; he was discharged within 3 days. The patient made steady progress and started to walk with support in a few weeks time.
After 9 months, follow-up X-rays and MRI scans showed good decompression of the spinal cord and fusion at both the C4-5 and C5-6 levels. His paralysis recovered completely, he is able to walk, squat and get up without any support. He is back to his work and is even able to do what he liked most: biking.
This case underlines the importance of meticulous examination of every patient to make a correct diagnosis
Understanding Cervical Myelopathy-
Cervical myelopathy is a disorder due to physical compression of the spinal cord in the cervical region (neck). This compression can result from various causes; the commonest being age-related degenerative(wear & tear) changes, followed by disc herniations, spinal canal stenosis, spinal infections, tumors or injuries.
Though cervical myelopathy can affect anyone at any age, it’s more common among males and elderly.
Symptoms of cervical myelopathy
In the early stages, symptoms are very subtle, like neck pain, feeling of heaviness and numbness in the legs and clumsiness of hands These are usually mistaken for ‘general weakness’ by patients and sometimes by doctors as well.
In the later stages, slipping of footwear unknowingly , swaying while walking, feeling of tightness of legs, loss of balance on closing eyes, difficulty in climbing stairs and stepping into vehicles are the common symptoms in the legs. Patients will not be able to perform activities involving fine motor skills and coordination of hands like buttoning and unbuttoning shirts, operating mobile phones, counting currency notes and writing.
In the advanced stages, patients may be unable to walk without support, unable to firmly grasp objects in the hand.The hands become deformed and they may not be able to feed themselves, brush their teeth and clean themselves.
Finally , the legs become paralysed and patients become bedridden; they may lose control in passing urine and motion.
Why is early diagnosis intervention critical?
Delay in diagnosis allows the disease to progress; the neural tissues of the spinal cord may be permanently damaged.
Early diagnosis and intervention at the appropriate time is crucial for good functional recovery. Surgery in advanced stages only gives poor results
FAQ’s:
Q1) What is Cervical Myelopathy, and what causes it?
Cervical myelopathy is dysfunction of the spinal cord in the cervical region( neck).
Compression of the spinal cord in the neck area, commonly caused by disc prolapse, bone spurs, or spinal degeneration,results in cervical myelopathy.
Q2) How is Cervical Myelopathy diagnosed?
Cervical myelopathy is difficult to diagnose in the early stages. Only a thorough clinical history, physical examination combined with appropriate investigation will clinch the diagnosis. MRI scan of the spine shows the extent and severity of compression . CT scans and X-rays give additional information regarding the nature of compression and also help in planning the surgery.
Q3) What is the best way to treat cervical myelopathy?
Mild disease without any worsening or functional impairment can be managed non surgically. How ever they should be observed and examined at regular intervals for worsening. Nonsurgical options may include
surgery is recommended for all patients with functional impairment or worsening symptoms.
Q4) After surgery on the cervical spine, how long does it take to get better?
Recovery largely depends on the stage of the disease at the time of surgery.. If operated early , most patients can go back to work within a few weeks. Recovery also depends on the age of the patient , the number of levels involved, severity and nature of compression.
Q5) Why choose Amulya Hospital for Cervical Spine Surgery in Vizag?
Our state of the art facilities, cutting edge technology, and compassionate care create a warm and welcoming atmosphere. Our team of passionate and highly skilled doctors led by Dr B. Leela Prasad is dedicated to providing personalised attention and expert care.
Literally cervical myelopathy means dysfunction of the spinal cord in the cervical region (neck) The dysfunction is due to compression of the spinal cord in the neck. This compression can result from various causes; the commonest being age-related degenerative(wear & tear) changes, followed by disc herniations, spinal canal stenosis, spinal infections, tumors or injuries.
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy can affect anyone at any age, but it’s more common among males and elderly. The average age of a diagnosis is 64. It is the most common type of non traumatic spinal cord dysfunction in patients older than 55 years
It is one of the most commonly missed & under diagnosed problems amongst the spine disorders. Diagnosis is often delayed, which can lead to poor outcomes.
A well-known Spine Specialist in Vizag, Dr. B. Leela Prasad is known for accurately diagnosing and treating complicated spine problems. He is one of the best Cervical Spine Specialists in Vizag and has helped many people with neck pain, spinal cord compression, and other connected problems. A lot of people have found relief and better mobility with his advanced Cervical Myelopathy Treatment in Vizag. This has made him one of the most trusted spine doctors in the area.
Symptoms
In the early stages, patients may be having only very subtle symptoms like neck pain, feeling of heaviness and numbness in the legs and clumsiness of hands These are usually mistaken for ‘general weakness’ by patients and sometimes by doctors as well. As the disease progresses, the symptoms become more and more obvious
In the later stages, slipping of footwear unknowingly , swaying while walking, feeling of tightness of legs, loss of balance on closing eyes, difficulty in climbing stairs and stepping into vehicles are the common symptoms in the legs. Patients will not be able to perform activities involving fine motor skills and coordination of hands like buttoning and unbuttoning shirts, operating mobile phones, counting currency notes and change in hand writing. In the advanced stages, patients may be unable to walk without support, unable to firmly grasp objects in the hand.The hands become deformed and they may not be able to feed themselves, brush their teeth and clean themselves.
Finally , the legs become paralysed and patients become bedridden; they may lose control in passing urine and motion.
How is cervical myelopathy diagnosed?
Cervical myelopathy is difficult to diagnose in the early stages. Only a thorough clinical history, physical examination combined with appropriate investigation will clinch the diagnosis. MRI scan of the spine shows the extent and severity of compression . CT scans and X-rays give additional information regarding the nature of compression and also help in planning the surgery.Nerve conduction studies may be done whenever the diagnosis is in doubt.
Natural history Prognosis
The natural history varies from patient to patient.
In about 20% of patients the symptoms may remain static or may progress very slowly over a period of time. In more than two thirds of patients symptoms worsen gradually over a period of months to years.In very few cases, patients may rapidly deteriorate, especially after a fall.
Cervical myelopathy usually worsens gradually if left untreated. Severe cases may cause permanent, irreversible nerve damage, which can lead to complications like intense pain and paralysis of all limbs .
Treatment
Nonsurgical management–
Non-surgical treatment plays a very limited role in cervical myelopathy. Doctors manage mild disease without worsening or functional impairment non-surgically, but they observe and examine patients regularly for any signs of worsening.
Doctors recommend surgery for all patients who experience functional impairment or worsening symptoms.
The main aim of surgery is to prevent further worsening of patients’ symptoms. Patients usually recover gradually and slowly after surgery, and they may start noticing significant improvement after a few weeks to months. Results of surgery depend on many factors : the duration and severity of symptoms, speed of worsening of symptoms, extent of the disease(number of levels involved ),nature of compression, age of the patient and associated comorbidities.
Young patients with single-level involvement achieve very good functional recovery when they undergo surgery in the early stages of the disease. In advanced stages, significant recovery may not occur even after surgery.
Surgical procedure
The recommended surgical procedure can vary based on the nature of compression(soft disc vs hard bone), extent of disease( number of levels involved), alignment of cervical spine , age and general health of the patient. It may include one or a combination of the following:
Anterior( from front) cervical discectomy and fusion.
As mentioned earlier, cervical myelopathy is commonly due to degenerative changes, trauma , tumors and spinal infections, all of which are not preventable.
Early diagnosis and surgery are key to good results
Why Choose Dr. Leela Prasad for Cervical Myelopathy Treatment in Vizag?
When you choose Dr. B. Leela Prasad for Cervical Myelopathy Treatment in Vizag, you entrust your spine health to a highly respected and experienced professional in the area. As a top spine surgeon in Visakhapatnam, Dr. Leela Prasad uses cutting-edge diagnostic tools. He uses custom treatment plans for each patient to make sure they get better and stay healthy in the long run.
Expertise in Cervical Spine Treatment in Vizag based on years of successful surgeries. Especially when it comes to treating complicated cervical spine disorders. While Dr. B. Leela Prasad focuses on patient safety, minimally invasive methods, and compassionate care. H is still the first choice for people in Vizag who want specialised treatment for cervical myelopathy and other spine-related problems.
One of the most common back problems is a prolapsed or bulging intervertebral disc, which is normally called a “slipped disc.”
Intervertebral disc(IVD): The intervertebral disc is a fibrocartilaginous cushion that serves as the primary joint between two adjacent vertebrae in the spinal column. It is composed of a central, soft, jelly-like substance called the nucleus pulposus and an outer, tough, rubbery layer known as the annulus fibrosus. The human spine contains 23 intervertebral discs (IVDs): 6 in the cervical region (neck), 12 in the thoracic region (middle back), and 5 in the lumbar region (lower back). These discs enhance spinal flexibility while maintaining strength. Additionally, they act as shock absorbers, reducing impact on the spine and preventing vertebrae from rubbing against each other. Let us know more about Slip disc treatment in Vizag from one of the best doctors at Amulya hospital.
What is a Slipped disc
A slipped disc occurs when the nucleus pulposus (the soft, jelly-like center of the disc) pushes through a tear in the annulus fibrosus (the tough, rubbery outer layer). This can put pressure on nearby nerves, leading to pain, discomfort, and restricted movement. Slipped discs are most commonly found in the lower back (lumbar spine) and neck (cervical spine), causing symptoms such as radiating pain, numbness, or weakness in the limbs. If left untreated, it can significantly impact daily activities. For those experiencing these symptoms, Slip Disc Treatment in Vizag at Amulya Hospital provides expert care and advanced treatment options to help relieve pain and restore spinal function.
Symptoms
The signs and symptoms rely on where the disc herniation is and how much pressure is on the nerve root.
Pain: Most of the time, lumbar disc herniations cause pain that starts in the lower back and spreads to the buttocks, thighs, calves, and sometimes even the foot. When you have a cervical disc herniation, the pain generally starts behind your neck and goes down your shoulder, arm, and into your hand. When you cough, sneeze, or move into certain positions, the pain might shoot into your arm or leg. People often say that pain is sharp or burning.
Numbness and tingling: Along the path of the affected nerve root, patients may also feel numbness and/or tingling.
Weakness: Severe compression of the nerve roots can weaken the muscles they control, potentially leading to difficulty walking, stumbling, or trouble lifting and holding objects. This condition can significantly impact mobility and daily activities if left untreated.
A herniated disc may not cause any signs in many people.
Causes
Disc herniation is primarily caused by gradual, age-related wear and tear known as disc degeneration. As people grow older, their discs lose flexibility, making them more vulnerable to tears or ruptures, even from minor strains or twists.
Many people are unable to identify the exact cause of their herniated disc. In some cases, lifting heavy objects using the back muscles instead of the legs and thighs can contribute to disc herniation. Additionally, twisting or turning while lifting may also lead to this condition.
An accident, such as a fall or a blow to the back, is not always the cause of a slipped disc. In many cases, disc herniation occurs due to gradual wear and tear. If you’re experiencing severe back pain, seeking treatment at the best hospital for slip disc in Vizag can help you get the right diagnosis and care.
Risk factors
A herniated disc is more likely to happen if you have any of the following:
Weight: The discs in your lower back are put under more stress when you are overweight.
Occupation: Individuals whose jobs require a lot of physical effort are more likely to experience back issues. Overusing your back muscles by lifting, pulling, pushing, turning sideways, and twisting can also make you more likely to get a herniated disc.
Genetics: Some people are genetically more likely to get a herniated disc.
Smoking: It is thought that smoking cuts off discs’ oxygen intake, which makes them break down faster.
Frequent driving: Sitting for long amounts of time and the vibrations from a car engine can put stress on the spine.
Being sedentary: Herniated discs can be avoided by working out regularly.
Complications
Cauda Equina Syndrome is a very dangerous side effect of lumbar disc herniation, even though it doesn’t happen very often. It generally happens when a large disc bulges and puts pressure on the whole spinal canal in the lower back.This is what cauda equina syndrome looks like:
Anxiety and pain in the lower back and legs, sudden onset of extreme weakness in the legs, ankles, and feet, numbness in the feet, groin, or around the anus, and losing control of your bladder or bowels. This situation is an absolute emergency that needs surgery right away; if treatment isn’t started right away, the person could become permanently weak or paralysed.
Imaging tests
X-rays: Plain X-rays can’t find herniated discs, but they can rule out other possible causes of back pain, such as an illness, a tumour, a misaligned spine, or a broken bone.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
When looking for spinal problems, MRI is very sensitive and detailed. As a result of pinpointing the exact location of the herniated disc, MRI not only helps with correct diagnosis but also with planning surgery. Unlike CT scans, MRIs don’t expose you to radiation.
Natural history:
Disc herniations usually get better on their own. Several studies have shown that most people with an acute disc injury feel a lot better or no longer have any symptoms within 6 to 12 weeks, regardless of what treatment they get.This is used by many quacks and alternative medicine systems to make false claims.
Slip Disc Treatment
Rest
During the acute phase, complete rest is very helpful for relieving pain. However, you shouldn’t stay in bed and do nothing for more than two to four days. Patients can do things as long as they don’t cause too much pain after the acute phase is over. Activities should be changed so that people don’t have to move or do things that hurt. Long periods of rest can make back muscles weak and work against you.
Medications
Medications for disc herniation include are:
1. Analgesics & Anti-inflammatory Agents: Reduce inflammation and pain.
2. Neuropathic Drugs: Modify nerve signals to ease pain.
3. Muscle Relaxants: Calm down those spasms.
4. Steroids: Lessen the swelling around the nerve that is hurt.
Depending on the level of pain, the patient’s needs, and how they respond, one or more medications may be given.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy can help with pain and muscle stiffness. Spine mobility and flexibility are improved by gentle exercises and manual treatment. Targeted workouts make the muscles in your back and abdomen stronger, which gives you more support and stability. Physiotherapists also teach their patients how to stand or sit correctly, which takes pressure off the spine.
Spinal Injections (Selective Nerve Root Blocks)
When pain doesn’t get better with pills or when the pain is so bad that the person needs instant pain relief, these injections are suggested.
To reduce swelling and ease pain, a small amount of a long-lasting drug is injected into certain nerve roots. These treatments are done in an operating room with the help of an X-ray (fluoroscopy).
Spinal injections are generally a safe and effective treatment for pain relief. However, the duration of relief varies from person to person. For expert care, spinal injections treatment in Vizag at Amulya Hospital by Dr. Leela Prasad offers personalized solutions to help manage spinal pain effectively.
Surgery
Few people (less than 5%) with herniated discs need to have surgery. If treatments that don’t involve surgery don’t help after six to twelve weeks, surgery may be a choice. Especially if the pain is very bad and making it hard to do normal things. People who have severe weakness in their lower limbs should also have surgery. People who have cauda equina syndrome are the only ones who need emergency surgery. Most of the time, doctors can remove only the part of the disc that sticks out with little to no damage to the healthy tissues.Microdiscectomy and endoscopic discectomy have made it possible for people to go back to work in just a few days.These days, surgery to fix a compressed disc is very safe and works very well.
If you want to find the best spine specialist in Vizag or get professional help with slip disc treatment in Vizag. This guide will explain the problem and the best ways to treat it.
The Best Spine Specialist in Vizag—Why Choose Dr. Leela Prasad at Amulya Hospital?
Dr Leela Prasad from Amulya Hospital is one of the best and most skilled spine doctors in Vizag. He helps a lot of people with herniated discs, chronic back pain, and spinal problems, as well as slipped discs.
Why Choose Dr. Leela Prasad?
Expert in surgery and non-surgery: Offers customised care plans based on how bad the issue is.
Surgery only when necessary : Before surgery, the doctor makes sure that all non-surgical options have been explored.
Spine surgery with little incision: Advanced methods are used to make sure that recovery goes faster.
Complete Spine Care: Specialists in degenerative disc disease, slip discs, sciatica, and spine problems.
Focus on Patients: Our main goals are to reduce pain, help the patient heal completely, and improve their quality of life.
Amulya Hospital Features Modernity: A great spine surgery hospital in Vizag that gives great medical care.
If you’re experiencing ongoing back pain, sciatica, or signs of a slipped disc, consult Dr. Leela Prasad, best slip disc specialist in Vizag, at Amulya Hospital. His expertise in slip disc treatment in Vizag and personalized approach can help you regain a pain-free, active lifestyle.
Conclusion:
Slipping discs can be painful, but most people can get better without surgery if they get the proper evaluation and care. It is essential to talk to a skilled spine specialist in Vizag. Whether you need non-surgical treatment or expert surgical care. One of the best spine doctors in Vizag is Dr. Leela Prasad at Amulya Hospital. He treats herniated discs and other spinal problems very well.
Make an appointment with Dr. Leela Prasad today to treat slipped discs successfully in Vizag. It will be the first step towards a healthy spine and a pain-free life.
Despite what most people think, Spinal tuberculosis (TB) does not only affect the lungs. The most common type of TB is lung TB, but the infection can spread to almost any organ in the body, even the spine. Someone once said, “Tuberculosis can cause anything except pregnancy.” Consult the top doctors for the best spine tuberculosis treatment in Vizag.
Spinal Tuberculosis most often affects the lungs, but it can also happen in the spine. Pott’s disease, which is another name for spinal tuberculosis, happens when TB germs that have been dormant in the body since childhood come back to life. If this condition isn’t treated, it can lead to extreme pain, spinal deformities, and even paralysis.
It is imperative to see a Spine Specialist in Vizag if you or someone you care about is having constant back pain. Dr. Leela Prasad at Amulya Hospital provides the best spine tuberculosis treatment in Vizag, assisting patients regain their independence and pain-free living.
Getting to Know Spinal Tuberculosis
Contrary to popular belief, tuberculosis (TB) is not limited to the lungs; it can affect almost any organ in the body. As the saying goes, “Tuberculosis can cause anything except pregnancy.”
After the lungs, the spine is one of the most commonly affected sites. Spinal tuberculosis, also known as Pott’s disease, typically develops when dormant TB bacteria, present since childhood, become reactivated.
If left untreated, spinal TB can lead to severe complications. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to prevent long-term damage and ensure optimal recovery.
Symptoms of Spinal Tuberculosis
Back pain associated with spinal TB is typically deep-seated and persists even at rest. It often worsens at night and, if left untreated, gradually intensifies over time. In severe cases, the pain can become so debilitating that it confines the patient to bed. The discomfort may be localized to the back or radiate to the limbs.
The mid-back region, specifically the dorso-lumbar junction, is the most common site of spinal tuberculosis. One of the most prevalent symptoms is persistent back discomfort, which is characterised by:
Noticible during the night
Getting stronger over time
Might worsen to the point where the sufferer can’t leave their bed
Additional symptoms:
Night sweats and unexplained fever
Fatigue and losing weight
Back pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion
Swelling or deformity in the affected area
Possible Side Effects of Spinal Tuberculosis
Neglected cases of tuberculosis in the spinal cord can cause serious, even fatal, consequences, such as:
Bone Destruction
The TB bacteria loosen the vertebrae over time, which makes the spinal column less strong. This damage can cause breaks and abnormalities, so it’s important to find the problem quickly.
Building up of pus and nerve compression
As the infection gets worse, pus builds up in the spine, which presses on spinal nerves. This could lead to:
Bad leg pain
Legs that feel numb or tingly
Lower limb weakness
Spinal Cord Compression and Paralysis
If the pus or broken bone puts a lot of pressure on the spinal cord, the person may experience:
Partial or complete paralysis
Loss of bladder and bowel control
Kyphotic Deformity (Hunchback)
The destruction of bone by tuberculosis bacteria can cause vertebral collapse, leading to a hunchback-like deformity known as kyphosis. A strong forward bend (kyphosis) in the spine can happen when several vertebrae break. In severe cases, a kyphotic condition that lasts for a long time can cause permanent paralysis.
Diagnostic Tests for Spinal Tuberculosis Treatment
Complete Blood Count (CBC), ESR, and CRP:
These tests help evaluate signs of infection and inflammation in the body.
X-rays:
In the early stages of spinal TB, X-rays may appear normal, making diagnosis challenging. Characteristic changes become visible only after significant bone destruction has occurred.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI):
MRI is highly sensitive in detecting spinal disorders and can identify spinal TB at an early stage, even before X-rays or CT scans reveal any abnormalities. It provides a detailed view of the extent of the disease, detects pus collections, and assesses spinal cord compression.
Biopsy:
A tissue sample from the affected bone is examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of spinal TB.
A combination of these diagnostic tests is often required for an accurate diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis.
Treatment for Spine Tuberculosis Treatment in Vizag
Tuberculosis of the spine, or any organ, is a medical condition that can be successfully treated with medicine.
Medical Management
Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) consists of a combination of 4 drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol), which should be taken for a period of 9-12 months.
Supportive care: Rest, analgesics, and spinal bracing to reduce pain and prevent deformity.
Surgical Management
Indications: severe pain not responding to medication, Significant kyphosis, weakness and paralysis of limbs, failed medical management,
Surgical procedures: Debridement( removal of dead bone), decompression( relieving the pressure on spinal cord), instrumentation (supporting the spine with screws rods), bone grafting and fusion.
Goals: To relieve pressure on the spinal cord, stabilize the spine, and prevent further deformity.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
To get better from spinal TB, you need long-term medicine, physical therapy, and changes to your lifestyle. Patients are told to:
Physical therapy: To improve mobility, strength, and flexibility.
Pain management: To control pain and discomfort.
Spinal orthotics: To provide support and stability.
Monitoring and Follow-up
Regular check-ups: To monitor treatment response, spinal stability, and neurological function.
Imaging studies: To assess spinal alignment, bone healing, and disease progression.
For the best care of TB spine, a team effort combining orthopaedic surgeons, spine surgeons, infectious disease specialists, and rehabilitation experts is needed.
Spine Tuberculosis Treatment in Vizag
Dr. Leela Prasad, an expert in spinal tuberculosis treatment in Vizag, specializes in minimally invasive spinal surgeries to restore mobility and function.
Final Thoughts:
Spinal tuberculosis is a dangerous disease that needs to be found and treated quickly to avoid complications that can change a person’s life. If you or someone you care about has constant back pain, numbness, or weakness, talk to Dr. Leela Prasad, the best spine specialist in Visakhapatnam. With expert care and cutting-edge treatment choices, you can beat spinal TB and regain your quality of life.
Understanding the Warning Signs of Serious Spine Problems
Home > Blog > Understanding the Warning Signs of Serious Spine Problems
Back pain is a common complaint that affects people of all ages, but not all back pain is the same. While minor discomfort can often be resolved with rest or lifestyle changes, some symptoms may indicate serious spine problems that require immediate attention. Here are key warning signs to watch out for:
Chronic or Severe Pain
If back pain persists for weeks or becomes unbearable, it may be more than just muscle strain. Conditions like herniated discs or spinal stenosis often cause prolonged discomfort that shouldn’t be ignored.
Pain Radiating to the Arms or Legs
Nerve compression in the spine can cause pain, tingling, or numbness in the arms or legs. Sciatica, for example, results in sharp pain radiating down one leg and signals an underlying spinal issue.
Weakness or Loss of Coordination
Difficulty walking, balancing, or performing everyday tasks could indicate nerve damage or spinal cord compression. These symptoms should be evaluated promptly.
Loss of Bladder or Bowel Control
Sudden incontinence accompanied by back pain may point to cauda equina syndrome, a rare but serious condition requiring emergency medical intervention.
Deformities or Visible Changes
Noticeable curvature of the spine, such as in scoliosis or kyphosis, or visible swelling in the back, could indicate structural issues or inflammation.
Nighttime Pain
Back pain that worsens at night and disrupts sleep may be a sign of infections, tumors, or other serious conditions affecting the spine.
Fever Along with Back Pain
A fever combined with back pain could signal an infection, such as spinal osteomyelitis, and should be addressed immediately.
Sudden Onset of Pain After an Injury
If back pain begins after a fall, accident, or sports injury, it might indicate fractures or ligament damage that requires professional care.
When to Seek Medical Help
While mild back pain can often be managed with home remedies, these warning signs suggest more severe conditions that need medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve outcomes.
If you experience any of these symptoms, don’t wait. Consult a spine specialist to identify the cause and receive the care you need to protect your spinal health.
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